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5G specific data offers in 5G NSA.

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  5G specific data offers in 5G NSA. As we know, by 3GPP standards, the 5G RAT type, in NSA implementation, is not visible at the Core level (EPC). 5G shares the same RAT type as 4G. Therefore, it is nearly impossible, with in the standards, to develop some 5G specific plans for customers. Conversion of 5G usage into points/discounts Although identification is not available at the Core level, there are methods to segregate the utilization from 4G. ·         Measure the traffic at the g-NodeB level and report it in CDRs ·         Measure the traffic at the e-NodeB level and report it in CDRs. ·         Scout the traffic and measure it. These offline reported usages can be filtered and aggregated through a mediation system and churn into points/discounts. Feedback churned data to OCS/PCRF The aggregated usage can be supplied to either OCS or PCRF or both to provide the provi...
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Virtual Sy to extend the PCRF functionality

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  Virtual Sy to extend the PCRF functionality. Modern PCRF systems support multiple Sy links to integrate more than one online charging system (OCS) into the network. Though a particular subscriber can be coupled with a specific OCS, various subscriber segments can be integrated into different ones. The traditional postpaid is the best candidate as it does not interact with any OCS. Integration of high latency node with low latency node Though Diameter Protocol is asynchronous by design, response latency is critical. A lightweight node can implement the Sy interface with default or cached status as functionality for PCRF-initiated messages (SLR). In Addition, a spin-off workflow can trigger a high latency node to compute the policy changes and reflect through OCS-initiated messages (SNR). This will trigger PCRF to re-evaluate the policy and implement a re-authentication request (RAR) if needed. Use Case : Policy control via de-coupled traffic analyzer Virtual Sy can query the...
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How to build a MAC-based Vlan using Linux ebtables and netdev

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How to build a MAC-based Vlan using Linux ebtables and netdev In this guide, we will explore the potential of ebtables to build a Vlan like network-segment using the MAC addresses of a set of devices. Unlike Vlans, these segments will be semi-isolated broadcast domains. As illustrated below, the bridge splits the Ethernet traffic coming from Port_0 in between Port_1 and Port_2 based on MAC addresses. To avoid complexity, there is no split between Port_1 and Port2. However, it can be defined in the same fashion. Software Bridge Configuration No packet filter between Port_1 and Port_2 No packet filter from Port_1 to Port_0 No packet filter from Port_2 to Port_0 Selected packets flow to Port_1 from Port_0 All other packets flow to Port_2 from Port_0 ...
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